Picture-projecting apparatus.



. M. KLAIBER. PICTURE PBOJEGTIN G APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1908.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M. KLAIBER.

PICTURE PROJEGTING APPARATUS. APPLIUATION FILED JULY16, 1908.

968,667. Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I Fig. 2

M. KLAIBER. PICTURE PROJEGTING APPARATUS. APPLIoATIoN Hmm JULY 16,1908.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

more especially UNITED srATEs ieArENT oririciii.ll

MAXIMILIAN IKLAIjBER, O F BRO0KIlYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGTFISIOIK. T0 THE 'MDERN IM- PROVEM-EN'TS MANUFAOTURING COMP Y 'PORATION 0F NEW YORK.

968,667. Specification of A-NY, or nnooKLrN, New Yoan, A c caf Brownian-PRQJEGTING APPARATUS.

Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 30, 17910.

Applicationvled July 16, 1908. Serial No. 443,805.

To all whom it concern;

Be it known that I, MAXIMILIAN KLAIBER, -a citizen of the United States, and a resident ofthe city of Brooklyn, county of` Kings, .and State of New York, have'invented 'certain new and useful Improvements in Picture-Projecting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to thatl class of projecting apparatus in which the picture, colcred or printed matter is projected on a screen or other background, one view or picing lenses are covered and uncovered.`

The principal object which I have, in viewv is the production of a pictureprojecting apparatus which may be most inexpensively produced and may be operated'at a miniinuni cost for power and without requiring the attendance'of a high priced skilled operator and at the saine time will produce sharp and clear pictures. This object is attained by the use o'f a single source of light located out of focus wit a suitable condenser which is preferably arranged between said source of light and the picture to be rojected, and more-particularly by 'arranging the singlesource of` light between the condenser and the point of focus thereof; the invention being fundamentally foundedupon my discovery that by so locating the source of light, in an apparatus having suitable projecting means, I am enabled to Aconstruct a dissolving lantern ture dissolving into the otheras the projectwhich will produce sharp and clearpictures bythe use of a-single source of light and a' plurality of sets of lenses or projecting apparatus.

The invention further -consists in an ap-v aratus having rejecting lenses, va condenser and a singleI source of light arranged out of focus with the condenser, said apparatus also having a plurality of picture c arrying slides whereby sharp and clear pictures dissolving one into another. may be produced `by the use of a single source of light.

The invention also consists in certain novel constructions and arrangements of parts substantially as hereinafter set forth and particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims. In carrying out my inventionv I prefer to use a single electricarc light. of any Well known construction, but other forms 'of light may be used. I mount this light in a nected to the front end thereof, by which the diverging rayszof light are collected and through which they pass in parallel or substantially parallel lines. In 'the preferred form this `condenser is of the ordinary two lens-type and the source of light-is located between the condenserand the point 'of .focus thereof. I locate in proper workingl proximity to the condenser, a plurality of converging lenses, the whole constituting a composite condenser. In front of the converging lenses is 'placed a plurality ofordinary projecting lenses arranged so as to receive light from the condenser. These lenses can be provided with shutters to alternately cover and uncovervthe saine when .successive Apictures are to be thrown on the screen, or all the lenses may be uncovered to superimpose pictures on the In Asome cases vI may dispense with the converging. lenses, but when this is done the diameter of the projecting lenses must. vbe greatly enlarged,'and of course, atan intus.-` Incertain .instances .I 'may also dispense withthe projecting lenses4 and use in this sconstruction the picture screen isnot so sharp.

With such constructions and arrangements of the apparatus as hereinabove .referred to, I find that with a single light or source of'light a plurality of pictures can be used and two or more maybe projected -andsuperimposed upon a screen or background at the same time, or the pictures may :thrown on the dissolving into the other.

creased oost of construction of the apparaplace thereof" the converging lenses,.but inv lantern or casing having a condenser con- I screen, rIhe picture or view to bevprojected lis placed front of each converging lens.

be successively thrown on the screen, one

Certain constructions of the apparatus I. are illustrated in the accompanyingrdraw" 1'00 shutter case and shutters. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a modification in which the converging lens shown in Fig. 1 is dispensed with. Fig. 6 is a modification showing the converging lenses substituted for the projecting lenses of Fig. 5.

The preferred form of apparatus is illustrated in the first four figures of the drawing, and this apparatus I will now proceed to describe in detail.

rIhe part marked A on the drawing represents a lantern with an electric light B mounted therein.

C is a condenser consisting of two planoconvex lenses c, c mounted in a frame D connected to the front end of the lantern A. The light B is located out of focus and between the condenser and the point of focus thereof. I have shown the light nearer to the point of focus than to the condenser, but the best results are obtained by placing the source o light about midway between the condenser and the focus.

E, E represent converging lenses located in front of and in proximity to the main condenser withmtheir convex sides toward the plane face of the lens c, the inner edges of these converging lenses being cut or ground away to make a close joint or it, as more clearly shown in Fig. l of the drawing and so that the axis of the lens will bel on the same line as the axis of vits corresponding projecting lens. These converging lenses are mounted in a frame D -which may be a part of the frame D ormay be a separate frame connected thereto. The' lenses c, c and the supplementary converging lenses E, E form a composite condenser.

The frame D is provided with rearwardly projectingmembers or flanges d, d, to receive the carriers F, F, which hold the lantern slides or pictures G, Gr. These carriers are provided with grooves or channelsy f, f', into which project theflanges di, d when the carriers are. in position; 'Ihe flanges d, d are so arranged that when the carriers are in position, one of said carriers is slightly in advance of the other, and the inner edges of the slides or pictures overlap, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawing. This construction and arrangement permits the pictures to be properly positioned for accurate projection on the screen.

Where the term picture carrier is used in the claims it is to be understood to mean any carrier holding a picture or lantern slide consisting of a glass, film or other material carrying a picture.

H designates a bellows of ordinary construction which is suitably mounted in front ofthe lenses described. To the front end of this bellows is secured a frame J to which are suitably connected the projecting 'lenses K, K', which are adjustable for focusing by the usual rack and pinion construcecaee'z -vided with rearwardly projecting flanges Z, Z', which it over the front ends of the projecting lenses K, K. The flange Z is Secured to the lens K by any suitable means so that the shutter casing may be readily removed. 'lhe other flange Z which tits over the lens K is larger in diameter than the lensto permit the casing K to be turned down away from the lens to uncover both the lenses at the same time. In order to turn down the casing Las stated, it is connected to the Hange Z by a hinge Z2. This shutter casing is provided with openings Z3 Z". Mounted in the casing and in front of each projecting lens is a pair of blades forming the shutters M, M. rIhese shutters are connected together by a lever N which is pivoted to the casing at n in such manner thatby operating the lever one of the shutters is moved to cover its lens, while the other shutter is moved to uncover its lens. The end of the lever N is provided with a rack n. Meshing with this rack is a pinion O carried on a shaft or rod 0 operated by a lever 02. By rocking this rod the lever NV is moved on its pivot to operate the shutters.

Y While I have shown two supplemental converging lenses and two projecting lenses, it is to be understood -that I am not limited to this number, as several converging lenses corresponding to the number of projecting lenses may be used in conjunction with one main condenser. ters and means for operating the same other than what is shown and described may be used. Instead of placing the shutters in front of the projecting lenses, they maybe placed in anyother position in relation to said lenses so that the light thrown on the screen may be alternately cut oif. As a matter of fact, in some instances, the lenses may be covered and uncovered by vthe ordinary cap in the hands of the operator.

While I have shown a bellows connecting the vcondenser frame D of the projecting lens frame J, it is to be understood that the bellows may be dispensed with.

The apparatus described is. mounted on a support P, the frames D and J being provided with downwardly extending legs Q, Q and R, It respectively, which rest on said support P. To guide the lens frame J as it is adjusted toward or `from the condenser, I have provided the legs Q, Q with rearwardly extending rods S,- S which work in sleeves T, T.

Any other form'of shut- Y The' l construction hereinabove described operates as'follows: The light B being out of focus with the condenser, the'diverging .thrown on the screen if the said projecting lenses are uncovered. By a proper adjustment of the position Iof the slides relativeto the lensesand proper manipulation of the shutters, the plctures are thrown 'on the screen,eithersuperimposed or as independ-f ent pictures, one at a time. `To show independent, superimposed pictures-at the same time, both the lenses K, K areuncovered. This can be -done by throwing the casing L down on its hinge Z2 or the pingl n of the lever N may bejremoved, and both the shutters M, M may be-left open.

To show independent pictures one at a time and to produce a dissolving effect while the pictures are being changed one to the other, the shutters are in operative position and they are alternately opened and closed. This operation permits one of the pictures to be gradually dissolved into the other as the lenses are closed and u'nclosed by said shutterse From thel foregoingit will be' seen that I have produced an apparatus which with but a singlelight and a single lantern givesa perfect results.

I have discovered that by dispensing with the converging lenses E,'E I may obtain fairly good results by making the diameter of the projecting lenses substantially the same as that ofthe picture or slide.-"In Fig. 5 I have shown diagrammatically, such 'an arrangement of apparatus. I have also discovered that I may substitute for the projecting lenses the converging lenses, and in Fig. 6I have shown, diagrammatically, this' arrangement.

Where I have used in the specification and claims the term focus Ior point of focus it is to be understood that I mean such a point that if a source of`light be placed at said point-,the rays of light in passing through the condenser will converge to a point on the opposite side of the condenser, as is the case in ordinary projecting lenses heretofore produced, in which a single picture is projected by a single lantern.

, Such point of focus is indicated on the drawings by and marked by the reference character 1 on Fig. 1 of the drawings.

I desire it to be understood that the construction herein described and illustrated is,

. merely that selected to exemplify my invention andl` that the invention is-not restricted I claim as new and desire to denser, said light located between the said condenser and the point of focus thereof.

'of `the. converging lenses, and projecting jecting lenses.

other respects vthan those herein set forth without departing from the spirit of theinvention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having now described my invention, what secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A projecting apparatus, comprising projecting means a singleglight and a con- 2. In a projecting apparatus, a condenser, converging lenses adjacent to said condenser, and a source of light located between the condenser and the point of focus thereof. v

3. In a projecting apparat-us, a condenser, a. plurality-.of converging lenses adjacent thereto, a source of light located between the condenser and the point of focus thereof, and a plurality of projecting lenses.

4. In a projecting apparatus, a condenser, a plurality of converging lenses adjacentthereto, a source of light located between the condenser and the point of focus of said condenser, picture carriers located in front lenses in front of said carriers. y

v5. In a projecting apparatus, a condenser, a plurality of converging lenses adjacent thereto, a source of light located between the condenser and the point of focus of said condenser, picture carriers located in front of the converging lenses, projecting lenses in front of said carriers, and means for alternately covering and uncovering said pro- 6.- In a projecting apparatus, projecting` means, a condenser, converging lenses adjacent to the condenser and between the same and the projecting means, means for holding a picturev in front 'of the converging lenses, 105

anda source of light behind the condenser and out of focus therewith.

7. Ina projecting apparatus, a condenser, a 'single source of light back of said condenser and out of focus therewith, a converging lens adjacent to. said condenser, a` frame for holding a plcture 1n front of said y condenser, a projectlng lens, and means-for valternately covering and uncovering said projecting len's.

8. In a projecting apparatus, a condenser, a source of light back of said condenser and out of focus therewith,.a plurality of converging lenses in front of said condenser,.

a plurality of picture carriers in front of 1.20 i

said lenses, a plurality-of projecting lenses in front of said carriers, and a single bellows connecting the said converging `and projecting lenses.

`9. In a. projecting apparatus, a composite condenser, consisting of a main condenser. and a plurality of converging lenses adjacent thereto, a 'single source of light behind said condenser and out of' focus therewith, a plurality of picture carriers in front 1 iov of said composite condenser, a plurality oit' projecting lenses, and-a single bellows connecting said projecting lenses and said composite condenser.

10. In a projecting apparatus, a composite condenser, consisting of a main condenser and a plurality of converging lenses adjacent thereto, a single source of light behind said condenser and out of focus therewith, a plurality of picture carriers in front of said composite condenser, a plurality of projecting lenses, a single'bellows connecting said projecting lenses and said composite condenser, and means for alternately covering and uncovering the projecting lenses.

11. In a picture projecting apparatus, a lantern, a-condenser in front of the lantern, the light in said lantern being out of focus with the condenser, converging lenses in front of the condenser, a bellows, projecting lenses secured to the front of the bellows, a

.shutter for each of the projecting lenses,

and means for alternately moving the shutters.

12. In a picture projecting apparatus, av

lantern, a condenser 1n front of the lantern, the light of the lantern being out of focus with the condenser, converging lenses in front of the condenser, a picture carrier adjacent to` each of the converging lenses, a bellows, projecting lenses secured to the front of the bellows, a shutter for each of the projecting lenses, and means for alternately moving the shutters.

13. In a picture projecting apparatus, a lantern, a condenserin front of the lantern, converging lenses adjacent to the said condenser, carriers having overlapping edges adjacent to the converging lenses, a bellows, projecting lenses secured to the front of the bellows, apshutter for each of the projecting lenses,l and means `for alternately moving the shutters.

14. In a picture 'projecting apparatus, a lantern, a condenser in front of the lantern, the light of the lantern being out of focus 4with respect to the condenser, converging lenses adjacent to the condenser, a picture carrier adjacent to each of the said condensing lenses, said carriers having overlapping edges, a bellows, projecting lenses secured to the front ofthe bellows, a shutter for each of the projecting lenses, and means :tor alternately operating the shutters.

15. In a projecting apparatus, a condenser, a lantern in the rear of the condenser, the light therein being out of focus with the condenser, converging lenses adjacent to the condenser and having their convex sides next to the condenser, a plurality of picture carriers in front of said converging lenses,

acaso? projecting lenses in frontv of said picture carriers, a casing connected to saidprojecting lenses, said casing having shutters'adapted to alternately cover and uncover the projecting lenses, the said casing being so connected to a lens that the casing may be moved from in front of the lenses.

16. In aprojecting apparatus, a condenser, a source of light, out of focus with the condenser, a plurality of converging lenses, a plurality of projecting lenses, shutters for said projecting lenses, and means for operating said shutters to alternately cover and uncover the said projecting lenses.

17. In a dissolving view projecting apparatus, a plurality of picture`carriers, a

projecting lens in front of each carrier, a condenser consisting of double plano-convex lenses, a single source of light, so located in relation to the condenser' as to produce substantially parallel rays from the opposite side of the condenser and av plurality of converging lenses arranged between t-he condenser and said projecting lenses.

18. In a dissolving view picture projecting apparatus, a condenser consisting of double plano-convex lenses, a single source of light so located in relation to the condenser as to produce substantially parallel rays, a plurality of converging lenses, and a pluralityof picture carriers located adjacent to the converging lenses.

19. In a picture projecting apparatus, a condenser consisting of double plano-conveX lenses, a single source of light back of said condenser and so arranged as to cause` parallel rays to be emitted from said condenser, a plurality of converging lenses, a plurality of picture carriers, a plurality of projecting lenses, and means for successively covering a projecting lens when another is uncovered.

QOrIn a projecting apparatus, a lens, a single source of light back of said lens and so placed in relation thereto as to cause the lens to project substantially parallel rays, a plurality of converging lenses neXt to the first mentioned lens and adapted to converge the parallel rays, a picture carrier in front of each converging lens, a projecting lens in front of each slide and in the same axial line as the converging lenses, and means for successively covering `and uncovering 'the projecting lenses.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set.

my hand at the city, county and State of New York, this thirteenth day of July, 1908.

MAXIMILIAN KLAIBER Inpresence of- ANDREW A.. GEnND'r, I. B RICHARDSH 

